December has just begun, and both young and old sweet-toothed enthusiasts have eagerly opened their advent calendars to make sure they don’t miss Christmas. In addition to the traditional advent calendar, in Provence, there are several other traditions surrounding the Christmas celebrations; today, we will tell you about the 13 desserts.
What are the 13 desserts?
The 13 desserts, also known as Calenos, is a Provençal tradition dating back to the 17th century. A priest from one of Marseille’s districts mentioned it in 1683 in his book Explication des usages et coutumes des Marseillais. At the time, 13 small breads were served at the end of the Christmas meal, symbolising the twelve apostles and Christ, accompanied by a variety of treats such as fresh and dried fruits, cakes, jams, and sweets. It was only much later that the Félibrige movement referenced the 13 Provençal desserts. The Félibrige movement, founded by Frédéric Mistral, aimed to restore and preserve the Provençal language and the cultural identity of Provence. Since then, tradition dictates that 13 desserts must be present on the Christmas Eve table—no more, no less.
The 13 desserts: a delicious Provençal tradition
Depending on the region or canton, the composition of the 13 desserts varies, but the list from the ‘Musée des Arts et Traditions populaires du terroir Marseillais’ is considered to be the reference list for the 13 desserts.
If you’d like to celebrate Christmas the Provençal way, we’ve compiled a list of the desserts you’ll need:
– La pompe à huile, a dessert made with flour, olive oil, sugar and orange blossom
– The Four Beggars, representing four religious orders that have taken vows of poverty: walnuts or hazelnuts for the Augustinians, dried figs for the Franciscans, almonds for the Carmelites, and sultanas for the Dominicans.
– Apples
– Fresh grapes
– A green melon at the end of the season
– An orange, a sign of wealth
– Dates, symbols of Christ from the East
– Black nougat, with melted honey cooked with almonds
– White nougat, with hazelnuts, pine nuts and pistachios
– Red Nougat, with rose and pistachios
Depending on your tastes, you can add dates stuffed with marzipan, calissons d’Aix, quince paste, crunchy almonds, etc… So this year, for Christmas, add a little Provence to your New Year’s Eve, and enjoy! As for the good resolution we made last year, to eat less sugar, … no, we haven’t forgotten it! We’re just keeping it warm for New Year’s Eve!
Plaisirs et Maisons de Provence offers you the chance to stay in one of its Provencal mas to enjoy an unforgettable Christmas in Provence.
If you would like to discover all that Provence has to offer, please contact our agency Plaisirs & Maisons de Provence or request a tailor-made quote by clicking on this link.